INTRODUCTION: Dental avulsion is one of the most critical traumatic dental injuries. This study aims to evaluate retrospectively the data of child patients who consult due to dental avulsion to the Ordu University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry.
METHODS: By analyzing trauma records of patients, who consult our faculty because of avulsion in 2012-2022, retrospectively: it is evaluated in terms of age, gender, teeth affected by avulsion, etiological factors, dentition type, consultation period to dentistry after injury and applied treatments.
RESULTS: Data of 43 patients in total were analyzed [15 girls (%34.9), 28 boys (%65.1), mean 7.8±3.6 years (min 1-max 14 age)]. Patient’s total 69 teeth are affected by avulsion; %75.4 of them is maxillary incisors (52 of them; 19 primary teeth, 33 permanent teeth), %18.8 of them are lateral incisors (13 of them; 3 primary teeth, 10 permanent teeth), %4.3 of them canine (3 of them; (2 primary teeth, 1 permanent tooth) and %1.5 of them (1 of them) premolars. When the etiological factors are examined, it is found that the cases occur mostly by the reason of falling (22 patients, %51.2). It is followed by bicycle accidents (7 patients, %16.3), hitting (6 patients, %14), collision with a friend (5 patients, %11.6), traffic accidents (2 patients, %4.7), and fighting (1 patient, %2.3). It was observed that 20.9% (9 patients) of the patients were in primary dentition, 65.1% (28 patients) were in mixed dentition, and 14% (6 patients) were in permanent dentition. In 18.6% (8 patients) of the patients, within 2 hours after the trauma; 39.5% (17 patients) within 24 hours; 30.2% (13 patients) within 24-48 hours; 11.6% (5 patients) applied to the dentist within 72 hours or longer. While %37.2 of patients (16 patients) are only followed up, %32.7 of them (14 patients) were given post-replant splint and root canal treatment, %14 of them (6 patients) was applied space maintainer and %7 of them (3 patients) was given orthodontic treatment. %9.3 (4 patients) of patients could not receive any treatment or follow-up.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Avulsion patients’ consultation with a dentist/pediatric dentist after trauma as soon as possible is important in terms of treatment options and prognosis, life quality, development, psychology, and sociality of the child. The dentists/pediatric dentists have great responsibilities in terms of informing parents, teachers, and caregivers so that the emergency treatment procedure can be carried out without losing time with pediatric patients.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to examine the changes in hard and soft tissues at skeletal Class II cases treated with upper two first premolar (14-24) and four first premolar (14-24-34-44) extractions and compare them between groups.
METHODS: Twenty (12-girls,8-boys) individuals with two upper first premolar extractions orthodontically treated skeletal Class II malocclusion and 20 (11-girls,9-boys) four first premolar extractions were included in the study. The data of individuals before and after orthodontic treatment were evaluated on cephalometric radiographs.
RESULTS: While U1-PP°, U1-SN° and U1-NA(mm) parameters decreased significantly in upper two premolar extraction group;upper lip(Ls) is positioned significantly behind.While all dental measurement parameters(U1-PP°,U1-SN°,IMPA°,U1-NA(mm),L1-NB(mm)) decreased significantly in four premolar extraction group; soft tissue measurements(A(mm),Ls(mm,B(mm) points) are located significantly behind. While changes in soft tissue with retrusion and retroclination of incisors were positively correlated in both groups; retroclination at the angles of the upper incisors was negatively correlated with the nasolabial angle.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In patients treated with extraction of upper two and four first premolars, upper teeth and lips moved posteriorly. Extraction of lower first premolars was especially effective in changing position and angle of lower incisors. In both groups, change in upper incisor angles affected more variables than change in their positions.

INTRODUCTION: Physical and chemical similarity, high compatibility with the dental hard tissues and long lasting survival in the oral cavity are the requested characteristics of restorative materials.The aim of our study is to examine the clinical performance of high viscosity glass ionomer cement and compomer restorative materials applied as a surface sealant.
METHODS: In our study encapsulated high viscousity glass ionomer (Fuji IX GP Extra,GC), compomer (Dyract Extra,Dentsply) and two surface coats (Fuji Varnish,Fuji G-Coat Plus,GC) were used.Fourty patients(mean age: 6,8±1,0) presented to Ege University School of Dentistry with carious primary molars participated in the study.High viscousity glass ionomer cements and compomers in combination with surface coats were placed in 40 Black I and 168 Black II cavities.Restorations were evaluated by two calibrated observers using modified RYGE criteria.
RESULTS: 36 patients and 165 restorations were evaluated at the end of 24 months.Pearson Ki Kare, Kaplan Meier and long rank(Mantel- Cox) tests were used to analyze the results of data(p=0.05).In the study,no difference was found between the restoration groups after the observation period of 24 months.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Both restorations were found to be successful.In this study,it was concluded that nano filled surface coated glass ionomer cement and compomer restorations can be used in pedodontic clinics.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to investigate anxiety and pain perception in patients using analgesics before wisdom tooth surgery.
METHODS: We included 50 patients, aged 18-70, who were to undergo third molar dental surgery. The anxiety levels of the patients were measured using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI FORM TX-1) and (STAI FORM TX-2). The pain scores of patients in the postoperative period were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS).
RESULTS: For Group LA, STAI-I was 27±4.7 and STAI-II was 30±4.3. For Group HA, STAI-I was 43±4,5 and STAI-II was 42.6±5.2. The pain scores of patients in both groups were found to be similar at all times in the postoperative period.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Preoperative anxiety is well-documented in 60 to 80 % of the patients who are to undergo surgery. This anxiety may depend on the type of anesthesia, patients’ previous experience, personal characteristics, surgical procedures and postoperative pain. We concluded that no significant correlation was found between preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in the case of third molar dental surgery.

As technology advanced, various softwares and 3D devices work intagrated with them has been used for smile desings in dentistry. Through digital applications smile desings can be performed much easier and more accurately. These advences brought many convenients such as improvement of patient satisfaction, shortening of treatment duration, elimination of desing and manufacturing mistakes and giving objective approaches to legal processes for both patients and doctors. These programs are being more commonly used each day and possibly in the future, they will become a routine for every day practice in most clinics. For that reason it’s crucial for all dentists to have information about these practices so they do not to fall behind. There are some important notes to be taken in order to understand the basic mechanisim behind these programs and used them correctly. These are mainly; historical development of these programs, advantage and disadvantage of them, aesthetic parameters to look out for during practice and popular smile desing applications that lead the advances in this technology. The aim of this review, to gather information about the smile design programs aforementioned and present it to the practicers.

Extensive research has shown that the true cause of malocclusion is incorrect myofunctional habits. These habits cause orthodontic problems by limiting the craniofacial development of patients whose growth and development continues. Myofunctional therapies are treatment methods that help correct bad habits such as mouth breathing, infantile swallowing, and incorrect positioning of the tongue, allow retraining of the facial and chewing muscles, and correctly direct the growth and development of craniofacial structures. These treatments correct the malocclusion by addressing the underlying etiological factor. Therefore, the treatment plan to correct the malocclusion should include an approach to eliminate the soft tissue dysfunction. The most popular appliances used for myofunctional treatment today are prefabricated functional appliances. Prefabricated functional appliances are appliances that bring the orofacial muscles into the correct position, create the balance between the forces transmitted to the dentoalveolar system, help align the teeth, and stimulate the proper growth and development of the craniofacial system. These appliances are produced in a variety of designs and sizes as a popular alternative to correcting different types of malocclusions. The aim of this review is to present a literature review that presents the usage areas, treatment options, advantages and disadvantages of prefabricated functional appliances.

3D printers are printers that create a 3D object by creating thin layers on a 2D plane by using the models obtained digitally by the use of computer aided programs, by melting materials such as plastic and metal during printing. It was first used in the early 1980s, with the development of technology, its indications have expanded in the last decade and have become a daily part of clinical practice in dentistry. The purpose of this article is to explain the indications of 3D printers in prosthetic dentistry.

The prosthetic rehabilitation of Amelogenesis Imperfecta (AI), which is characterised by problems in the enamel structure and various adverse intraoral conditions, has great importance. Digital dentistry and mainly the computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology may provide to fabricate faster, more precious, and predictable prosthetic restorations with high aesthetic results. A fully digital workflow for the prosthodontic rehabilitation of a thirty-seven-year-old male patient with AI has been presented in this case report to solve the present and possible future intraoral aesthetic and functional problems and prevent the dental hard tissue destructions. In this respect, it has been implemented by the CAD/CAM technologies, digital smile design (DSD) concept, and virtual mock-up studies to fabricate provisional-permanent restorations using the guide of these virtual-physical models. The full digital workflow may provide a more comfortable and treatment approach for the prosthetic rehabilitation of complicated cases like amelogenesis imperfecta. Laminate veneers are practicable for the appropriate amelogenesis imperfecta cases, due to offering an excellent aesthetic result with a minimally invasive approach. In the one-year follow-up of the case, neither any significant problem was indicated by the patient, nor any fracture, crack or de-cementation complications detected.